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The Theory of Communicative Action
''The Theory of Communicative Action'' ((ドイツ語:Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns)) is a 1981 book by Jürgen Habermas, in which he continues his project set out in ''On the Logic of the Social Sciences'' of finding a way to ground "the social sciences in a theory of language." The two volumes are ''Reason and the Rationalization of Society'' (''Handlungsrationalität und gesellschaftliche Rationalisierung'') in which Habermas establishes a concept of communicative rationality, and ''Lifeworld and System: A Critique of Functionalist Reason'' (''Zur Kritik der funktionalistischen Vernunft''), in which Habermas creates the two level concept of society and lays out the critical theory for modernity. After writing ''The Theory of Communicative Action'', Habermas expanded upon the theory of communicative action by using it as the basis of his theory of morality, democracy, and law. The work was the subject of a collection of critical essays published in 1986, has inspired many responses by social theorists and philosophers, and in 1998 was listed by the International Sociological Association as the eighth most important sociological book of the 20th century.
==Theory==
(詳細はThis project started after the critical reception of Habermas's book ''Knowledge and Human Interests'' after which Habermas chose to move away from contextual and historical analysis of social knowledge toward what would become the theory of communicative action. The theory of communicative action understands language as the foundational component of society and is an attempt to update Marxism by "drawing on Systems theory (Luhmann), developmental psychology (Piaget, Kohlberg), and social theory (Weber, Durkheim, Parsons, Mead, etc.)"
Based on lectures initially developed in ''On the Pragmatics of Social Interaction'' Habermas was able to expand his theory to a large understanding of society.
Thomas A. McCarthy states that ''The Theory of Communicative Action'' has three interrelated concerns: (1) to develop a concept of rationality that is no longer tied to, and limited by, the subjectivistic and individualistic premises of modern philosophy and social theory; (2) to construct a two-level concept of society that integrates the lifeworld and systems paradigms; and, finally, (3) to sketch out, against this background, a critical theory of modernity which analyzes and accounts for its pathologies in a way that suggests a redirection rather than an abandonment of the project of enlightenment.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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